思考：断奶到育肥模式成功的关键是什么？
断奶到育肥模式成功的关键是什么？是营造猪舍舒适的局部环境。如何给你的断奶仔猪提供最舒适的局部环境温度，这是最重要的。本文分别从实体躺卧区、加热、热辐射类型及吊顶进气口等方面给予农场主良好建议。
Weaning young pigs in a building designed to meet the needs of market hogs requires creating small areas or "microclimates" that more closely imitate temperatures found in traditional nurseries.断奶到育肥模式下的猪舍，设计须符合生猪市场需求且能给断奶仔猪提供更接近传统保育舍环境的小区域或者“微气候”区。
Solid laying area实体躺卧区
Provide a solid laying area of 0.3 to 0.34 square feet per pig to increase comfort and eliminate drafts. The most common of these temporary mats is a reinforced rubber mat with a raised feed lip around the perimeter. Because these mats are heavy, weighing over two pounds per square foot, producers may choose to use two mats per pen for easier handling or a lighter polyethylene mat weighing in at just over a half pound per square foot.
每头猪应提供0.3至0.34平方英尺（相当于0.027-0.031平方米）坚实的躺卧面积，以提高猪只舒适度、消除贼风。最常见的垫子是加固加强的橡胶垫，周边一圈有凸起的边缘。因为这些橡胶垫很重，每平方英尺重量超过2磅（相当于每平方米9.76公斤），农场主一般会每个大栏使用两个垫子，这样操作简便，或使用材质更轻的聚乙烯垫子，重量仅为每平方英尺半磅多一点（相当于每平方米2.44公斤）。
Heating加热
Radiant heat is the perfect application for creating the microclimate needed for weaned pigs. By directing the heat at the pigs, we can increase the localized environment for the pigs without having to raise the temperature in the entire room. Forced air heaters regulate the room temperature to between 75 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit while the radiant heat maintains a microclimate of 90 degrees at pig level. Gradually reduce the radiant temperature over 28 days until it meets the target room temperature, at which time the brooders are removed and stored.
在为满足市场需求而设计的建筑物中，断奶仔猪需要创造舒适小区域或“微气候”辐射区，这是为断奶仔猪创造所需的“微气候”最好的方式。通过将热量直接导向猪身上，我们可以调整猪的局部环境温度，而不必提高整个房间的温度。强力空气加热器可将室内温度升高到75至80华氏度（23-26摄氏度）之间，而热辐射保温可以将猪群所在局部环境温度保持在90华氏度（32摄氏度）。在28天内逐渐降低辐射温度，直至达到目标室内温度，然后拆除保温伞并储存。
Types of radiant heat热辐射加热类型
Electric heat lamps are the least expensive type of radiant to install and regulate in a building. Installation amounts to placing several lamps with 250-watt bulbs over the laying area in each pen and adjusting the height until reaching the desired floor temperature. A simple thermostat with a remote sensor regulates the lamp output. Disadvantages include higher energy costs and bulb replacement.
保温灯是用于猪舍安装并能调节使用最便宜的辐射源。相当于在每个围栏的躺卧区域上方悬挂几盏250瓦的灯泡，通过调整灯泡高度，实现所需要的地面温度。也可以安装一个简单的恒温器与遥感装置来调节保温灯的热量输出。使用保温灯的缺点主要是能耗较高和灯泡损坏须勤更换。
Individual infrared gas brooders are the most popular form of radiant heat in wean-finish applications. Though higher in initial cost, these small 10,000 to 17,000 BTU brooders are powerful enough to heat a floor area suitable for 100 to 150 weaned pigs. A sensor mounted under one of the brooders transmits a signal to a control panel regulating the gas flow. Both on/off and modulating control panels are available depending on producer preference. Gas-fired brooders will typically have lower operating costs than electric systems.
燃气保温伞是当前运用于断奶到育肥模式下最常见的热辐射保温方式。尽管它的初始成本较高，但是这些小型的10000-17000 BTU（功率2.93-4.98KW）保温伞可以为100-150头断奶猪提供足够的热量。保温伞底下安装有一个传感器，通过将信号传递给控制面板，从而调节燃气量的大小。农场主可以选择开关方式和可调节方式的控制面板。燃气保温伞与传统的电加热系统相比，运行成本也要更低。
Final Consideration-Air Inlets最后考虑-吊顶进气口
Air from poorly managed inlets can cause pig-chilling drafts to occur in the weaning microclimate. Leaks around curtains, doors and fans can reduce airspeed, allowing cold incoming air to fall to the floor without proper mixing. Good barn management includes tightening up the building envelope so the incoming airspeeds reach 800 to 1,000 feet per minute and mix with warmer ceiling air before tumbling to the floor.
从管理不善的进气口进来的气流会导致断奶仔猪发生冷应激。卷帘、门和风机周围的漏气会降低空气流动速度，使进来的冷空气没有得到充分混合就掉落到地板上。良好的猪舍管理意味着建筑物气密性要好，当室外的冷气流以每分钟800到1000英尺/分钟（相当于4-5米/ 秒）速度进入室内，能与天花板下温暖的空气混合，然后再掉落到地面。所以进气口与建筑物气密性管理应引起农场主的重视！
